Top 10 · Fitness

Best Landmine Attachment 2026: 10 Ranked, and Two Ratings That Do Not Add Up

By · Updated

Weight ratings in this category are not comparable, and the gap is widest at the cheap end. Three rubber landmine attachment bases sit within £2.60 of each other — the Yes4All Barbell Bomb at £16.28, the DASKING at £16.99 and the HXD-ERGO at £18.86 — yet they claim maximum loads of 880 lb (399 kg), 50 kg and 0.5 kg. That last figure is barely above the 360 g the HXD-ERGO unit weighs on its own, which means it describes the package, not the lift. MARSAFIT runs the same trick with a wall mounted landmine attachment: a 4 lb (1.8 kg) maximum printed on a steel post that weighs 1.66 kg. By contrast, 400 kg and 880 lb on the Yes4All steel pieces, and 130 kg on the RIP X, are figures that hold — and those three listings carry 2,010, 905 and 415 ratings respectively.

We ranked ten of the best options on Amazon by what each listing actually discloses: stated maximum load set against the unit's own weight, material and construction, mounting method, bar compatibility, price, and how many buyers have rated it. Where a capacity figure contradicts the product it describes, we say so.

1

Yes4All T-Bar Row Plate Post Insert Landmine Attachment

landmine attachment
£17.13 4.5 2,010 reviews

The t bar row landmine attachment with by far the deepest review base here — 2,010 ratings at 4.5 stars — and a 400 kg maximum behind a 454 g steel sleeve.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • 2,010 ratings at 4.5 stars, the largest review base in this list
  • 400 kg stated maximum from a 454 g alloy steel sleeve
  • Fits both 25 mm and 50 mm barbells, with 360° swivel
  • Knob lock secures the bar rather than relying on plate weight alone
  • £17.13 — the cheapest of the three Yes4All pivot inserts here

Disadvantages

  • Works only with 50 mm Olympic weight plates, not 25 mm standard plates
  • Yes4All recommends over 11.3 kg of plates before the bar is stable
  • No handle supplied; the equivalent set with a double D handle costs £23.58
  • It is an insert, not a freestanding base — you need a rack or a loaded plate on the floor
Read our full review of the Yes4All T-Bar Row Plate Post Insert Landmine Attachment

It sits first because no other landmine attachment here combines a 400 kg stated maximum with 2,010 ratings at 4.5 stars. At £17.13 it is also the cheapest of the three Yes4All pivot inserts, and the model number on the listing is 63ML. In practice, that count of buyers who have already used the thing is the number that matters most in a category full of unverifiable load claims.

The build is alloy steel with a black oxide finish. The pivot sleeve is 20.3 cm long and the base post 10.1 cm, so it takes both 25 mm and 50 mm barbells, but only 50 mm Olympic weight plates. The bar slides through the sleeve, the plates load underneath, and a knob tightens to lock the bar in place. Swivel runs the full 360 degrees. Total unit weight is 454 g, which means every gram of load in the setup comes from your own plates.

The catch is that plate restriction. If your weights are 25 mm standard rather than 50 mm Olympic, this will not hold them, and Yes4All recommends loading over 11.3 kg before the bar is secure. There is no handle in the box either — the £23.58 version adds one. Buy this if you own Olympic plates and a rack or a loaded base plate to slot the landmine attachment into; skip it if you want something freestanding you can carry outside, because it is not that.

2

Yes4All T-Bar Row Insert with Chrome Double D Handle

Yes4All T-bar row landmine insert with a chrome double D row handle
£23.58 4.6 905 reviews

A landmine plate post insert bundled with a chrome double D row handle and the highest stated maximum here — 880 lb, or roughly 399 kg.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • 880 lb (approx. 399 kg) stated maximum — the highest in this list
  • 905 ratings at 4.6 stars
  • Two pieces: pivot sleeve plus a 19 x 16.5 x 14 cm chrome double D handle
  • Diamond knurl-textured grip with a chrome finish to resist corrosion
  • Fits 25 mm and 50 mm barbells, 50 mm Olympic plates only

Disadvantages

  • £23.58, about £6.45 more than the same insert without a handle
  • Still restricted to 50 mm Olympic weight plates
  • 2.27 kg of hardware means the load rating depends entirely on your plates
  • No mounting hardware or base plate included
Read our full review of the Yes4All T-Bar Row Insert with Chrome Double D Handle

905 ratings at 4.6 stars and a stated maximum of 880 lb, about 399 kg. That is the highest figure anywhere in this list, well over the 130 kg on the RIP X, and it arrives as a two-piece set rather than a single insert. Price is £23.58.

You get the same 20.3 cm pivot sleeve and 10.1 cm base post as the £17.13 model, rated for 25 mm and 50 mm barbells and 50 mm Olympic plates. The second piece is a double D row handle measuring 19 x 16.5 x 14 cm, finished in chrome with a diamond knurl-textured grip. The two pieces total 2.27 kg. Crucially, the chrome finish is the real difference from the £17.13 unit, which is black oxide.

That said, the extra £6.45 buys you the handle and nothing else structural. If you already own a cable row handle or a V-handle that fits your setup, the £17.13 insert does the same job for less. As a result, this one is aimed at buyers starting from nothing who want the pivot and the grip in a single order.

3

Yes4All Deluxe T-Bar Row Platform Landmine Attachment

Yes4All Deluxe T-bar row platform with 360-degree swivel on a gym floor
£22.92 4.6 415 reviews

A 1.36 kg platform rated to 400 kg at £22.92, sold with a listing bullet that describes an Olympic bar as 17.7 cm across.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • 400 kg stated maximum on a 1.36 kg alloy steel platform
  • 415 ratings at 4.6 stars
  • Powder-coated finish, 360° rotation with a lock knob
  • Yes4All lists rack, floor and wall mounting for this model
  • Cheaper than the RIP X and KOMODO platforms at £22.92

Disadvantages

  • The listing's own bullet describes an Olympic bar as 17.7 cm across; sleeves are 50 mm
  • The title says it fits 1-inch and 2-inch bars; the feature bullet mentions only 2-inch Olympic
  • £22.92 for the same 400 kg rating as the £17.13 insert
  • No mounting bolts are itemised in the specification data
Read our full review of the Yes4All Deluxe T-Bar Row Platform Landmine Attachment

415 ratings at 4.6 stars, £22.92, and a 400 kg stated maximum on a unit that weighs 1.36 kg. That capacity figure matches the 400 kg on the £17.13 insert, so on paper the extra £5.79 buys the platform body and the mounting options, not more load.

This is the landmine attachment in Yes4All's range that the listing says can go on a power rack, a floor or a wall — it quotes compatibility with 5 cm and 5.8 cm racks — and the sleeve is 6.02 inches, about 15.3 cm. Rotation is 360 degrees with a lock knob. Worth noting, however, that the same bullet reads 'compatible with 17.7 cm Olympic barbell'. An Olympic bar sleeve is 50 mm. 17.7 cm is roughly 7 inches. One of those two numbers was written into the wrong field.

Even so, the specs you can rely on are the 400 kg rating and the 1.36 kg weight. If you train in a home gym and already own a rack, the £17.13 insert delivers the same 400 kg for less money and less floor. Buy the platform if you want a base you can bolt down or drop a bar into without a rack; skip it if your rack already has a landmine slot.

4

RIP X Corner T-Bar Row Landmine Grappler Platform

RIP X corner landmine grappler platform in black with carry handle
£28.99 4.8 77 reviews

The heaviest and highest-rated unit here — 6.6 kg at 4.8 stars — but its stated 130 kg maximum is under a third of the Yes4All inserts'.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • 4.8 stars from 77 ratings — the highest average in this list
  • 6.6 kg alloy steel, the heaviest unit here
  • Fits both 25 mm and 50 mm bars with 360° multi-directional swivel
  • Three fixing points with 11 mm holes and three ground anchors included
  • Carry handle doubles as a ground anchor when bolted down

Disadvantages

  • 130 kg stated maximum, well below the 400 kg and 880 lb Yes4All claims
  • Listing states it is not suitable for commercial use
  • Only 77 ratings, against 2,010 on the cheapest Yes4All insert
  • £28.99 and it needs corner floor space, or bolting down, to stay put
Read our full review of the RIP X Corner T-Bar Row Landmine Grappler Platform

130 kg maximum, 6.6 kg of alloy steel, £28.99, and a 4.8-star average from 77 ratings. That is the highest score in this list, paired with the lowest capacity of any steel unit that publishes one. Those two facts are not contradictory: RIP X has simply put a number on a product designed for rotational work rather than maximum loading.

By contrast with the plate inserts, this is a corner grappler. It sits in the corner of a room with a 360-degree multi-directional swivel, takes both 25 mm and 50 mm bars, and has a black powder-coated finish. Three optional fixing points with 11 mm holes are provided, along with three ground anchors, and the carry handle doubles as a ground anchor if you bolt it down.

The catch is the 130 kg ceiling, well under the 400 kg and 880 lb the Yes4All steel pieces claim, and RIP X states plainly that it is not suitable for commercial use. At 77 ratings the review base is a fraction of the 2,010 behind the £17.13 insert, so the 4.8 is a strong score from a small sample. Buy it if you want rotational work in a fixed corner spot and value the anchoring hardware; skip it if a high load rating is what you are shopping for.

5

KOMODO Landmine Grappler T-Bar Row Platform

KOMODO landmine grappler platform in black and green with dual bar sockets
£27.97 4.7 56 reviews

£27.97, 4.7 stars from 56 ratings, and no maximum load published anywhere on the listing.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • Dual bar sockets take 25 mm and 50 mm bars with no adapter
  • Two joints at 180 degrees each, giving 360° total swivel
  • Floor bolts included for permanent fixing
  • Heavy-duty steel in black and green, on sale since December 2018
  • 4.7 stars from 56 ratings

Disadvantages

  • No maximum weight capacity published anywhere in the listing
  • 56 ratings — the second-smallest review base in this list
  • £27.97, only £1.02 less than the RIP X, which does state 130 kg
  • The included floor bolts are only useful if you can drill your floor
Read our full review of the KOMODO Landmine Grappler T-Bar Row Platform

4.7 stars from 56 ratings, £27.97, and — unusually for this list — no stated maximum weight at all. Eight of the ten products here publish a capacity figure. KOMODO does not, which means it is the one entry you cannot line up against the 130 kg RIP X or the 400 kg Yes4All units on numbers alone.

The hardware is heavy-duty steel in black and green, with two bar sockets so it takes 25 mm and 50 mm bars without an adapter. Each joint has 180 degrees of movement, which together gives a full 360 degrees of swivel at the bar. Floor bolts are included if you want it as a permanent fixture, and the listing dates from December 2018.

That said, the missing capacity figure is the honest reason it ranks below the RIP X and the Yes4All models. At £27.97 it costs £1.02 less than the RIP X but gives you no load number to compare, and 56 ratings is the second-smallest sample here. Buy it if you have used KOMODO kit before or specifically want the dual-socket design; skip it if a published rating is what you need to make the call.

6

MARSAFIT Wall Mounted Landmine Attachment Post

MARSAFIT wall mounted landmine post bolted to a home gym wall
£34.19 4.6 135 reviews

At £34.19 it is the most expensive item here, and its stated 4 lb (1.8 kg) maximum is barely above the 1.66 kg the post itself weighs.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • Fits 2-inch Olympic bars, with an internal sleeve to protect the barbell
  • Wall mounting means it cannot shift mid-rep
  • 360° pivoting, thick steel plate with an electrostatic painted finish
  • 135 ratings at 4.6 stars
  • Takes up no floor space and needs no rack

Disadvantages

  • Stated maximum of 4 lb (approx. 1.8 kg) on a post weighing 1.66 kg
  • £34.19 — the highest price in this list
  • Bolted to a wall, so it cannot be moved or used outdoors
  • The specification data does not itemise mounting bolts or a template
Read our full review of the MARSAFIT Wall Mounted Landmine Attachment Post

135 ratings at 4.6 stars, £34.19 — the highest price in this list — and a stated maximum of 4 lb, about 1.8 kg. The unit itself weighs 1.66 kg. In other words, the published ceiling sits roughly 150 g above the mass of the steel it is stamped on. Treat that as a labelling error rather than a genuine limit, but it does mean the number cannot be compared with anything else here.

Because it is bolted to a wall, this landmine attachment does not move during a set, which the listing gives as its main safety argument. It fits 2-inch Olympic bars, has a sleeve inside the pipe to stop the barbell being scratched, and is made from thick steel plate with an electrostatic paint finish. Rotation is a full 360 degrees. The maker's own copy contrasts it with rival units it describes as poorly welded — a claim we cannot check from the data provided.

The catch is the price and the mounting. £34.19 buys a fixed post with a 4 lb figure you cannot benchmark against anything else here, and a wall mount means you need a sound wall and cannot move the unit between rooms or take it outdoors. If you rent, or train in a garage where you would rather not drill, a floor base such as the DASKING or the Yes4All Barbell Bomb makes more sense.

7

HXD-ERGO Rubber Landmine Base with Storage Bag

HXD-ERGO rubber landmine base on a wooden floor with a barbell end
£18.86 4.5 356 reviews

356 ratings at 4.5 for a 360 g rubber base whose published 0.5 kg maximum is only 140 g above its own weight.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • Works on cement, wood, lawn and rubber flooring
  • 360° rotation with a 17 cm sleeve, fits 2-inch Olympic bars
  • Storage bag included — carryable at 360 g
  • 356 ratings at 4.5 stars
  • Protects floors; no rack, bolts or base plate required

Disadvantages

  • Stated maximum of 0.5 kg on a unit that already weighs 360 g
  • Not usable as a load rating for heavy landmine work
  • 360 g of rubber cannot hold a loaded bar the way 6.6 kg of steel does
  • £18.86 — more than the 50 kg-rated DASKING at £16.99
Read our full review of the HXD-ERGO Rubber Landmine Base with Storage Bag

£18.86, 356 ratings at 4.5 stars, and a stated maximum of 0.5 kg. The unit weighs 360 g. As a result, the published capacity is 140 g above the mass of the product itself — the same pattern as the MARSAFIT post, and the clearest example here of a figure that describes something other than what you can lift.

It is made from natural rubber with a honeycomb base designed to grip cement, wood, lawn and rubber flooring, measuring 17.3 x 10.9 cm with a 17 cm sleeve. It fits 2-inch Olympic bars and rotates a full 360 degrees. A storage bag is included, which is what makes it a portable landmine attachment you can carry to a park or a garage. The matte finish and 1.1-inch grip size are the other listed details.

The caveat is that 0.5 kg cannot be read as a training load. Treat this as a floor anchor for light landmine presses and rotations, not as a rated base. If you load heavy, the steel pieces — the £17.13 insert, the £23.58 set, or the RIP X at 130 kg — are the ones carrying figures that survive. Skip this one if you train much beyond bodyweight plus bar.

8

DASKING Rubber Landmine Base for Olympic Bars

DASKING rubber landmine base with honeycomb grip on a gym mat
£16.99 4.6 87 reviews

£16.99 for a 300 g rubber base with a 50 kg stated maximum and a strong category position, 20th in Strength Training Equipment Attachments.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • £16.99 — cheaper than both other rubber bases here
  • 50 kg stated maximum, the highest of the three rubber units
  • Natural rubber honeycomb base, 300 g, storage bag included
  • 20th in Strength Training Equipment Attachments
  • Fits 2-inch Olympic bars, 360° rotation, no tools needed

Disadvantages

  • 50 kg is a fraction of the 400 kg and 880 lb the steel Yes4All pieces claim
  • The listing says 'tested with 50kg+' — a testing floor, not a structural limit
  • Recent listing (July 2025) with only 87 ratings
  • 300 g of rubber cannot anchor a loaded bar like a bolted steel platform
Read our full review of the DASKING Rubber Landmine Base for Olympic Bars

£16.99, 87 ratings at 4.6 stars, a 50 kg stated maximum, and a unit weight of 300 g. It sits £0.71 below the Yes4All Barbell Bomb, which claims 880 lb, and £1.87 below the HXD-ERGO, which claims 0.5 kg. Three rubber bases, three wildly different numbers, one narrow price band — which is the whole problem with capacity claims in this category.

The base is natural rubber with a honeycomb grip, measuring 16.51 x 5.08 x 10.16 cm, and it fits 2-inch Olympic bars without tools. Rotation is 360 degrees and a storage bag is included. Meanwhile, its Amazon category position — 20th in Strength Training Equipment Attachments — is the second-best here within that category, behind the £22.92 Yes4All platform at 12th.

Worth noting that the listing's own bullet says the honeycomb grip is 'tested with 50kg+', so 50 kg marks where testing stopped rather than a structural limit. Either way, this landmine base for olympic bar sits flat on carpet, hardwood or mats and slides into a bag afterwards. It is a recent listing — first available 16 July 2025 — so the 87 ratings are younger than the 2,010 behind the cheapest Yes4All insert. Skip it if you need a published ceiling you can trust for heavy lifting.

9

Yes4All Barbell Bomb Landmine Attachment

Yes4All Barbell Bomb rubber landmine base with a loaded barbell end
£16.28 4.5 181 reviews

The cheapest item here at £16.28, carrying the same 880 lb claim as the steel inserts on a 599 g rubber base.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • £16.28 — the cheapest product in this list
  • 880 lb (approx. 399 kg) stated maximum
  • Fits both 1-inch and 2-inch barbells
  • 599 g and fully portable; works under a rack or standalone
  • 181 ratings at 4.5 stars

Disadvantages

  • Same 880 lb claim as a 2.27 kg steel set, on a 599 g rubber base
  • 181 ratings against 2,010 on the £17.13 insert, which costs 85p more
  • No published method behind the 880 lb figure
  • A textured TPR surface will not grip like a bolted steel platform
Read our full review of the Yes4All Barbell Bomb Landmine Attachment

£16.28, 181 ratings at 4.5 stars, and a stated maximum of 880 lb — about 399 kg. That is the identical figure printed on the £23.58 steel insert. In theory the two are rated the same; in practice one is a two-piece steel set weighing 2.27 kg and the other is a single rubber base at 599 g. That does not make the claim false, but it does mean 880 lb cannot be read the same way on both listings.

The base is TPR rubber with EVA foam, moulded with a textured surface and structured inner walls to stop the bar shifting. It measures 18.8 x 10.9 cm, with a 5 cm mounting hole and a 5.5-inch sleeve. It fits both 1-inch and 2-inch bars and has an E-coated finish. Yes4All sells it as a landmine attachment for barbell that you can set down on any flat surface, under a power rack or on its own.

The caveat is the review base. 181 ratings is respectable, but it is around a tenth of the 2,010 behind the £17.13 insert that costs 85p more. Buy the Barbell Bomb if you want something light you can move around and use with either bar diameter; skip it if you want the figure 880 lb to mean the same thing it means on a steel platform.

10

GYM MASTER GM3 Straight Grip Landmine Row Handle

GYM MASTER GM3 straight grip landmine T-bar row handle in gunmetal
£19.99 4.7 37 reviews

A 2.37 kg handle rather than a base — 79.5 cm wide, 4.7 stars from 37 ratings, and no weight capacity published.

Check price on Amazon Price checked

Advantages

  • £19.99 for a 79.5 cm straight handle that fits 2-inch Olympic bars
  • 4.7 stars from 37 ratings
  • Alloy steel with a gunmetal powder coat and rubber grips 14.5 cm wide
  • 2.37 kg — solid without being awkward to store
  • Takes a two-handed grip for straight T-bar rows

Disadvantages

  • A handle only — you still need a base, insert or platform
  • No weight capacity published
  • 37 ratings, the smallest review base here
  • Listed as not suitable for commercial use
Read our full review of the GYM MASTER GM3 Straight Grip Landmine Row Handle

£19.99, 2.37 kg, 4.7 stars from 37 ratings. This is the only product in the top ten that is a handle rather than a base, an insert or a platform, so it does not compete on load rating with any of them. It is not a base: it is the handle end of a landmine attachment setup, and the base is bought separately.

The handle is made from alloy steel with a gunmetal powder coat and rubber grips 14.5 cm wide. Total width is 79.5 cm, tube depth 7 cm and total height 25.5 cm, so it takes a two-handed grip on a 2-inch Olympic bar. Crucially, no maximum weight is listed — which is reasonable for a handle, because the load is set by your bar, your plates and your base, not by this piece.

That said, 37 ratings is the smallest sample in this list, so the 4.7 is less settled than the 4.6 drawn from 905 ratings on the Yes4All set. It is also, alongside the RIP X, one of only two items here flagged as not suitable for commercial use. Buy it if you already own a base and want a straight bar for two-arm rows; skip it if you are starting from nothing, because on its own it does nothing.

Final Verdict

For most home gyms, the £17.13 Yes4All T-Bar Row Plate Post Insert is the sensible buy: 2,010 ratings at 4.5 stars and a 400 kg figure on an all-steel unit. If you need a landmine attachment that moves between rooms or works on a lawn, the rubber bases are the only option on this list — just read their capacity numbers as packaging, not payload. Meanwhile, anyone lifting heavy should skip the rubber end entirely and pay for steel: the RIP X landmine grappler platform at £28.99 bolts into a corner and claims 130 kg, a lower number but an honest one. And if you already own a rack and a loaded bar, the £17.13 insert or the £23.58 set with a double D handle cover the same movements for less than a wall mounted landmine attachment.

Why trust this ranking?

We rank on price, customer ratings and the specifications that decide the job, and we read each specification table against the marketing bullets on the same listing. When a number does not survive that check, we say so in the entry rather than quietly dropping the product. We also say when a product is the wrong one for you.

How we rank, in full

Share this guide

Photo of Felipe Iglesias

Written by

Founder & Lead Reviewer

Felipe is a computational engineering student who has been working in SEO since he was sixteen. He founded ranked10 and researches every guide on the site.

Comments

Reader comments are not checked against the manufacturer's claims above.

No comments yet

Be the first to add something we missed — a price change, a spec that turned out wrong, or how one of these held up.

Leave a comment

No account needed. Own one of these? Tell other readers how it actually performed.

2000 left

Comments with links are checked before they appear. See our privacy policy.

Related buying guides

Every guide below ranks ten products the same way this one does.

See all Fitness guides
Fitness

Best Inflatable Kayak 2026: 10 Ranked

The best inflatable kayak for two adults is the Intex Explorer K2 at £169.95: 180 kg of load and 4.6 from 10,669 owners. Ranked on load per pound.

Fitness

Best Golf Launch Monitor 2026: 10 Ranked

The best golf launch monitor is the Garmin Approach R10 at £445. FlightScope Mevo gives eight metrics for £269, £33.63 each.

Fitness

Best Water Rowing Machine 2026: 9 Ranked, Three Share One Review Pool

Three WaterRower finishes share one 402-review pool and the same 4.3 stars, yet cost £1,199, £1,299 and £1,599. Our best water rowing machine ranking.

Fitness

Best Smith Machine 2026: 10 Ranked, and Where the Load Claims Fall Apart

Which best smith machine? We ranked 10. The Drone2 claims 2000 lbs yet weighs 46.3 kg; the Marcy MD-9010 claims 136 kg press at 169 kg.

Fitness

Best Mobility Scooters 2026: 10 Ranked, and Where the Numbers Disagree

The best mobility scooters ranked: one ZT500 lists at 110 cm wide, the other at 165 cm — wider than its own length.

Fitness

Best Walking Poles 2026: 10 Ranked, Per-Pole Weights Checked

We ranked ten sets of walking poles on Amazon. On most, the per-pole weight in the bullet does not match the spec table's Item Weight.

Fitness

Best Tennis Rackets 2026: 9 Ranked, and Why the 'Pair' Count Misleads

Best tennis rackets compared: the Senston set of 2 at £54.99 lists one racket, and weight figures clash across listings. Nine ranked here.

Fitness

Best Kids Scooter 2026: 10 Ranked, From £20 to £160

The besrey says 'Big Wheels' but lists 80mm — less than a £21 kids scooter. We ranked 10 by spec, price and 36,000+ ratings.

Fitness

Best Hiking Backpacks 2026: 10 Ranked, and Only Two Match Their Litres

We multiplied out the listed dimensions of ten hiking backpacks: only two reach their own litre figure. A 70L pack measures 20.1 litres.

Fitness

Best Weight Lifting Gloves 2026: 10 Ranked, Every Price Is the Smallest Size

Every weight lifting gloves price here is the smallest size. The £12.99 adidas pair calls its XS an 18-19 cm hand; the £9.89 ATERCEL lists 2 and 4.

Products you might like

The best rated products from our other Fitness guides.